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A heart attack, or myocardial infarction (MI), occurs when the supply of blood and oxygen to an area of heart muscle is blocked.
A clot (or thrombus) is the final product of the blood coagulation (thickening). Specifically, a thrombus is a blood clot in an intact blood vessel. A thrombus in a large blood vessel will decrease blood flow through that vessel. In a small blood vessel, blood flow may be completely cut-off resulting in the death of tissue supplied by that vessel (as in a heart attack). If a thrombus dislodges and becomes free-floating, it is an embolus.
Control high blood pressure (hypertension): One of the most important things that can be done for prevention of a heart attack is to reduce high blood pressure. Blood pressure should be a systolic reading of 120, and a diastolic reading of 80 (120/80mmg Hg).
High Blood Cholesterol: Cholesterol is a major component of the atherosclerotic plaque (particles of blood, cholesterol, and protein that "clump") that leads to blocked arteries in the heart. These blockages may lead to a heart attack. An elevated level of total cholesterol is associated with an increased risk of coronary atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) and heart attack.
The World Health Organization (WHO) states that 49% of heart attacks worldwide are caused by high blood pressure.Health conditions: Underlying health conditions can contribute to the development of a heart attack.